Época has a history of critical coverage of the left-wing government, which may generate contextual bias, although there is no direct link with the accused parties.
The editorial staff tends to emphasize accusations against Lula without presenting counterarguments or official documents, indicating a denunciation bias.
"The article presents serious verification failures, relies on unconfirmed allegations, and uses sensational language, representing high epistemological risk and potential for disinformation."
Presents Lula as a crime boss figure without judicial evidence, inverting agency by suggesting that the accusation is an institutional attack on him.